如何才能幸福？

　　Whatmakesagoodlife?

　　演講者：RobertValdinger

　　特別聲明：

　　文章會(huì)持續(xù)提供TED演講的transcript供大家閱讀觀看學(xué)習(xí)。文中所有觀點(diǎn)不代表筆者本人或者公司立場(chǎng)。

　　演講正文來源：　https://www.ted.com/talks/robert_waldinger_what_makes_a_good_life_lessons_from_the_longest_study_on_happiness

　　What keeps us healthy and happy as we go through life? If you were going to invest now in your future best self, where would you put your time and your energy? There was a recent survey of millennials asking them what their most important life goals were, and over 80 percent said that a major life goal for them was to get rich. And another 50 percent of those same young adults said that another major life goal was to become famous.

　　在我們的人生中 是什么讓我們保持健康且幸福呢？ 如果現(xiàn)在你可以 為未來的自己投資 你會(huì)把時(shí)間和精力投資在哪里呢？ 最近在千禧一代中有這么一個(gè)調(diào)查 問他們生活中最重要的目標(biāo)是什么 超過80%的人說 最大的生活目標(biāo)就是要有錢 還有50%的年輕人說 另一個(gè)重要的生活目標(biāo) 就是要出名

　　And we're constantly told to lean in to work, to push harder and achieve more. We're given the impression that these are the things that we need to go after in order to have a good life. Pictures of entire lives, of the choices that people make and how those choices work out for them, those pictures are almost impossible to get. Most of what we know about human life we know from asking people to remember the past, and as we know, hindsight is anything but 20/20. We forget vast amounts of what happens to us in life, and sometimes memory is downright creative.

　　而且我們總是被灌輸 要投入工作，要加倍努力 要成就更多。 我們被灌輸了這樣一種觀念， 只有做到剛才說的這些 才能有好日子過。 要人們縱觀整個(gè)人生， 想象各種選擇， 以及這些選擇最終導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果， 幾乎是不可能的。 關(guān)于人的一生，我們能了解到的， 大部分都是通過人的回憶得來， 但眾所周知，大部分都是事后諸葛。 一生中，我們會(huì)忘記很多發(fā)生過的事情， 而且記憶常常不可靠。

　　But what if we could watch entire lives as they unfold through time? What if we could study people from the time that they were teenagers all the way into old age to see what really keeps people happy and healthy?

　　但如果我們可以從頭到尾地 縱觀人的一生呢？ 如果我們可以跟蹤研究一個(gè)人， 從他少年時(shí)代開始 一直到他步入晚年， 看看究竟是什么讓人們 保持快樂和健康呢？

　　We did that. The Harvard Study of Adult Development may be the longest study of adult life that's ever been done. For 75 years, we've tracked the lives of 724 men, year after year, asking about their work, their home lives, their health, and of course asking all along the way without knowing how their life stories were going to turn out.

　　我們做到了。 哈佛大學(xué)（進(jìn)行的）這項(xiàng) 關(guān)于成人發(fā)展的研究， 可能是同類研究中耗時(shí)最長的。 在75年時(shí)間里， 我們跟蹤了724個(gè)人的一生， 年復(fù)一年，了解他們的工作、 家庭生活、健康狀況， 當(dāng)然，在這一過程中， 我們完全不知道他們的人生 將走向何方。

　　……

　　We've learned three big lessons about relationships. The first is that social connections are really good for us, and that loneliness kills. It turns out that people who are more socially connected to family, to friends, to community, are happier, they're physically healthier, and they live longer than people who are less well connected. And the experience of loneliness turns out to be toxic. People who are more isolated than they want to be from others find that they are less happy, their health declines earlier in midlife, their brain functioning declines sooner and they live shorter lives than people who are not lonely. And the sad fact is that at any given time, more than one in five Americans will report that they're lonely.

　　關(guān)于人際關(guān)系，我們得到三大結(jié)論。 第一，社會(huì)關(guān)系對(duì)我們是有益的， 而孤獨(dú)寂寞有害健康。 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些跟家庭成員更親近的人， 更愛與朋友、與鄰居交往的人， 會(huì)比那些不善交際、離群索居的人， 更快樂，更健康，更長壽。 孤獨(dú)寂寞是有害健康的。 那些“被孤立”的人， 跟不孤單的人相比， 往往更加不快樂， 等他們?nèi)说街心陼r(shí)，健康狀況下降更快， 大腦功能下降得更快， 也沒那么長壽。 可惜的是，長久以來， 每5個(gè)美國人中就至少 有1個(gè)聲稱自己是孤獨(dú)的。

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